INTEGRAL Observations of the Enigmatic Be Stars γ Cassiopeiae and HD 110432
Abstract
We present the results of a hard X-ray study of the Be stars γ Cassiopeiae and HD 110432 based on observations made with the INTEGRAL observatory. These stars are known to be moderately strong, X-ray sources (Lx 1032-1033 erg s-1). These values are at the extreme high end of the known luminosity distribution for active coronal systems, but several orders of magnitude below typical X-ray binaries. The hard X-ray spectra for these systems are quite similar. They can be well fitted by either optically thin thermal plasma models with kT = 12.5 - 14 keV or a cutoff powerlaw + gaussian line model with photon indices in the 1.3 - 1.5 range and a line energy of 6.7 keV. The 20-50 keV light curves show no evidence for flaring and no significant evidence for periodic variability. It has been proposed that the X-ray emission is due to either accretion onto a white dwarf companion or magnetic activity near the surface of the Be star. We discuss in detail the pros and cons of each scenario towards explaining our spectral and temporal results. Given that both thermal and nonthermal models fit the data equally well, we cannot use the spectra to delineate between these two scenarios. Recent observations indicate that γ Cas has a 1 solar mass companion in a 203.59 day orbit. This is consistent with the white dwarf - Be star binary model but the lack of periodic modulation of the flux on this timescale calls this conclusion into question. On the other hand the lack of flaring activity may rule against the magnetic activity model. We discuss advances in observations and theory that need to be made to resolve the origin of these systems.
- Publication:
-
AAS/High Energy Astrophysics Division #9
- Pub Date:
- September 2006
- Bibcode:
- 2006HEAD....9.0130S